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Research on Aging
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Dissecting the Influence of Race, Ethnicity, and Socioeconomic Status on Mental Health in Young Adulthood

Krysia N. Mossakowski

University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, krysia{at}miami.edu

Studies have provided contradictory findings about the influence of race and ethnicity on mental health. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (1979 to 1992), this study examines the extent to which multiple dimensions of past and present socioeconomic status explain the influence of race and ethnicity on depression in young adulthood. Results indicate that Blacks and Hispanics have significantly higher levels of depressive symptoms than Whites, which supports social stress theory. These racial and ethnic differences are partially explained by family background and wealth, and substantially explained by the duration of poverty across 13 years of the transition to adulthood. Moreover, the robust depressive effect of past poverty duration is independent of present socioeconomic status and family background. Overall, this study was inspired by the life-course perspective and highlights the importance of wealth and histories of poverty for understanding racial and ethnic mental health disparities among young adults in the United States.

Key Words: race and ethnicity • wealth • poverty duration • depression • young adulthood

This version was published on November 1, 2008

Research on Aging, Vol. 30, No. 6, 649-671 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/0164027508322693
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K. N. Mossakowski
The Influence of Past Unemployment Duration on Symptoms of Depression Among Young Women and Men in the United States
Am J Public Health, October 1, 2009; 99(10): 1826 - 1832.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]