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Health Promotion and Black Elders

Subgroups of Greatest Need

Norfolk State University

Penny A. Ralston

Florida State University

This article profiles three subgroups of African American elders that are at risk in terms of health. Major barriers to optimum health for older rural Blacks are a lack of confidence in the formal health care system, greater rates of poverty than urban elders, geographic isolation, and lack of access to health care and to social supports; for older Black women, barriers include attitudes that reflect an overestimation of health, health pessimism, a lack of confidence in the health care system, lower economic resources, and major family responsibilities that affect the availability of money for, and time to seek, health care; and for older-aged Blacks, barriers are lack of confidence in the formal health care system, dependence on informal supports for health care and an underutilization of formal supports, and lower socioeconomic levels due to this cohort’s education and occupational status. Implications for theory, policy, and practice are discussed.

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